Neurobiology and rationale. | Nursing homework help

Comment about Generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder 

neurobiology and rationale, to support your diagnoses, medications, and overall plan.

should be a minimum of 200 words, scholarly written, APA formatted, and referenced. Refer to the APA Publication Manual 7th ed. A minimum of 2 references are required.

*(This was the medication and plan, for a patient with a diagnosis of Generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder).

1. Patient will continue Wellbutrin      XL 300mg 1 tablet PO daily. Wellbutrin (bupropion) is an norepinephrine      and dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) antidepressant used in the      treatment of depression (Fava et al., 2005). Bupropion works by inhibiting      the reuptake of both dopamine and norepinephrine (Nam et al., 2017). It is      the only antidepressant available with a dual effect on norepinephrine      (NE) and dopamine (DA) neuro-transmitter systems (Fava et al., 2005). The      therapeutic effect of bupropion is due to the antidepressant activity of      three metabolites: hydroxybupropion, threohydrobupropion, and      erythrohydrobupropion (Fava et al., 2005). The most common side effects of      bupropion include headache, dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, constipation, and      dizziness (Fava et al., 2005). Bupropion XL is a once a day formulation      with the goal to further improve tolerability and compliance (Fava et al.,      2005).
2. Will add Lexapro 5mg 1 tablet PO      daily as adjunctive therapy. Lexapro (escitalopram) is a selective      serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that works to inhibit serotonin      transporters from reuptaking serotonin which results in an increase in      serotonin levels at synapses (Nam et al., 2017). This enhances the      activity of serotonin in the central nervous system (Nam et al., 2017).      The most common side effects of Escitalopram include insomnia, nausea,      excessive sweating, fatigue/somnolence, and decreased libido (Kirino,      2012). Combining Bupropion with Lexapro is an augmentation strategy that is      used to target an efficient therapeutic effect with minimal SSRI induced      side effects such as weight gain, sexual disfunction, and emotional      detachment (Nam et al., 2017).
3. The patient will continue to      attend cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with her therapist. The goal of      using CBT in conjunction with medication management is to bring about      beneficial change in the patient’s mood and way of living her life      (Hofmann et al., 2012. The approach of CBT is to work collaboratively with      the patient to modify patterns of thinking and behavior (Hofmann et al.,      2012).

Follow-up

An appointment was made for four weeks for follow-up evaluation. M.M. verbalizes understanding of plan of care and agreeable to plan. Patient advised she may contact the office with questions and concerns as needed prior to appointment.

Reference

Fava, M., Rush, A., Thase, M. E., Clayton, A., Stahl, S. M., Pradko, J. F., & Johnston, J. (2005). 15 years of clinical experience with bupropion hcl. The Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 07(03), 106–113. Retrieved January 21, 2022, from https://doi.org/10.4088/pcc.v07n0305

Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), 427–440. Retrieved January 21, 2022, from https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9476-1

Kirino, E. (2012). Escitalopram for the management of major depressive disorder: A review of its efficacy, safety, and patient acceptability. Patient Preference and Adherence, 853. Retrieved January 21, 2022, from https://doi.org/10.2147/ppa.s22495